Reflux, which is another on the list of children's diseases, may present itself either in the first days of life or later. Parents notice when their child spits up more frequently than normal. However, they should only start to be concerned if weight gain is affected or if feeding becomes problematic due to persistent reflux. The diagnosis is usually made by the child's pediatrician, who will prescribe specific medication to control the reflux if necessary.

One disease that is considered a nightmare for parents is childhood epilepsy. This condition appears as a neurological disorder and causes seizure episodes. It can be triggered by genetic problems, brain damage, or even metabolic disorders. As the electrical discharges during a seizure affect the neurons, it is common for the child to experience learning and daily development difficulties. Unfortunately, this childhood disease has no cure, but there are anticonvulsant treatments that help control it. Diagnosis is made through exams such as CT scan, MRI, electroencephalogram, and, if the specialist deems it necessary, genetic testing.

Another issue that, despite previously focusing mainly on adults, is now increasingly affecting children is childhood depression. The problem is growing daily due to family issues, excessive pressure from parents, too many responsibilities, and even financial problems. Children affected by this disease show poor academic performance, sadness, lack of appetite, insomnia or excessive sleep, and even suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The diagnosis should be carried out with the help of a psychologist, who will perform tests using drawings and play to assess the child. The treatment may include medications, but it is extremely important to have follow-up with a psychotherapist, along with support from parents and teachers.

Photo: Elvin