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Unexpected Events in PregnancyInfections can occur in any pregnancy, and in any woman, even those who were healthy prior to becoming pregnant. Problems can arise as early as the first trimester and may persist throughout the entire pregnancy, as is often the case with recurring urinary tract infections. The treatment for each infection will depend on what the doctor deems necessary, and also on the particularities of each specific case. That is why a thorough prenatal care routine, supervised by a qualified professional, and periodic exams are so important.
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During pregnancy, the body goes through many changes. Besides hormonal ups and downs, there is a rise in blood pressure, and the heart almost doubles its output to ensure blood reaches every part of both the mother's and the baby's bodies. Your immunity is significantly altered and opens the door to various infections that may affect the pregnant woman during any phase of pregnancy.
The most common infections in pregnancy are easily treated. Urinary tract infections can be present in every trimester of pregnancy. That is why it is important that the woman reports to her prenatal obstetrician any sign of discomfort when urinating. Diagnosis is simple and just requires a type 1 urine test. Treatment involves antibiotics appropriate for pregnancy. Usually, Cephalexin is used safely, every six hours for ten days. If the infection persists or worsens, the doctor may recommend a urine cytology, or a culture to identify the exact type of bacteria causing the infection.
Vaginal infections are also common during pregnancy because the pregnant woman's lowered immunity makes her more susceptible to the growth of bacteria that are already present in the vaginal flora. A good example of these infections is the appearance of candida albicans. Pregnant women are more likely to develop candidiasis or moniliasis because of this vulnerability. The very clear symptoms are itching, burning, and persistent discomfort. This type of infection is treated with gynecological creams based on antifungal medications that are appropriate for pregnant women.
Another common type of infection during pregnancy is bladder infection. Flu and colds are also considered infections that affect the woman’s respiratory tract during pregnancy. They can affect the throat and facial area, causing sinusitis. This kind can create pus plaques in the tonsil and throat area. These are also treatable with antibiotics such as Cephalexin.
The most serious type of infection during pregnancy is caused by cytomegalovirus. This virus can not only make the mother feel unwell, but also cause fetal development problems and may even trigger premature birth. Infection can happen via saliva, bodily secretions like urine, vaginal mucus, semen, and even breast milk. There is no effective treatment for it, which is why it is considered especially dangerous for pregnant women.
Sexually transmitted diseases like gonorrhea, syphilis, and genital herpes should be detected as early as possible. Therefore, it is important that the obstetrician recommends tests every trimester during pregnancy.
Toxoplasmosis and rubella are also infectious diseases. These are even more aggressive because, if contracted during pregnancy, they can affect the fetus and cause birth defects. There is no treatment, only symptom management. Every woman should be tested before becoming pregnant to check if she has previously contracted these viral infections. If she does not have immunity, she should avoid animal feces and contact with sick individuals. At any sign of malaise or fever, seek out an obstetrician and stay well cared for during pregnancy—this is the solution to avoid infections during pregnancy becoming a bigger headache.
Photos: Phalinn Ooi, World Bank Photo Collection
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