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Tests Clarify the Reasons for Difficulty in Getting PregnantThe best way to diagnose possible infertility is through tests. The variety of exams is endless and vast. Most are blood tests, but there are also some imaging tests such as ultrasound, hysterosalpingography, and others like the post-coital mucus test, as well as for men, the semen analysis. The couple should perform these tests to identify the reason behind the delay in getting pregnant. The usual waiting period is one year; if pregnancy does not occur within this time frame, it's time for the future parents to see a doctor.
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Tests for getting pregnant are a way to detect fertility problems present in both men and women. The evaluation should begin by choosing a good doctor, who will start by ordering simple tests such as hormonal exams for men and women, a gynecological ultrasound for the woman, and a semen analysis for the man.
For women, the panel of tests for getting pregnant is greater than for men. In addition to blood tests and transvaginal ultrasound, it may include procedures such as:
Hysterosalpingography: An X-ray exam performed with the help of contrast to verify the condition of the fallopian tubes and the uterus itself. If an unfavorable diagnosis is found, such as tubal obstruction or adhesions of the tubes, the doctor will recommend the most appropriate procedure, which is usually surgical and laparoscopic.
Pap Smear: This cytological test is one of the main ways to detect whether a woman has any type of uterine infection. Vaginal secretions are collected and analyzed to check for abnormal overgrowth of fungi and bacteria in the vaginal flora. If there is a problem, the doctor will prescribe vaginal creams and oral medications to resolve it.
Transvaginal Ultrasound: The transvaginal ultrasound can detect any problems related to the ovaries and uterine cavity. If the woman has issues with polycystic ovaries, this exam can provide the diagnosis.
Hysterosonography: This is a specific exam to assess the uterine cavity. It allows detecting the presence of fibroids, endometriosis, or uterine polyps that may make pregnancy more difficult.
Besides these most important tests, those to detect hormonal instability are fundamental. The blood test must be done fasting, and the investigation should start with progesterone, estrogen, LH, FSH, GnRH, prolactin, and total and free T3 and T4. To complement these tests, it is also necessary for the man to check androgen hormone levels such as testosterone. If any of these tests show changes, the doctor will indicate the ideal treatment, which is, in most cases, hormone replacement therapy for men and women.
Women over 38 should, in addition to these tests, do a specific one that evaluates the quality and quantity of the egg reserve. The anti-Müllerian test is optional, and not all doctors order it, both due to the cost and the physical need of the couple. Still, any test that can help with fertility is welcome.
Tests for getting pregnant also include detection tests, such as those that determine the level of antibodies for some diseases that are particularly dangerous for pregnant women.
Rubella: The IgG level should be high, as this indicates the woman is immune to this disease, which can cause fetal malformation if contracted during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Hepatitis A, B, and C: Important for carrying out preventive treatment against transmitting the disease to the baby.
Toxoplasmosis: Just as devastating as rubella for the baby's formation, it is necessary to know if there is immunity to this disease. If the woman has not contracted it, IgG will be low and she should be extremely careful and avoid contact with cat feces.
HIV: Important for checking if the woman is HIV positive. During pregnancy, preventive treatment must be done to prevent transmission to the fetus. Special care is needed in these cases, highlighting the need for the test.
Cytomegalovirus: Indicates the presence of an infectious disease that can cause anything from infertility to fetal malformations.
Additionally, stool and urine tests are necessary to detect any rectal or bladder infections. It is also advisable for the couple to have blood sugar tests, as glucose levels can directly affect fertility. A complete blood count is essential for the couple, as it checks platelet counts and other blood components to ensure the couple's health as they undertake tests for getting pregnant.
Photos: Remolacha.net Pics, Hey Paul Studios
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