Asperger’s Syndrome, or Asperger disorder as it is also known, is a psychological condition where children display characteristic difficulties with social interaction, show an interest in specific topics, and act in a repetitive way with gestures and even bodily movements.

Considered a neurobehavioral disorder, Asperger’s Syndrome directly affects the child’s development by impacting not only their ability to relate to others, but also their ability to interact and communicate with the world. Recently, Asperger’s has been included and incorporated in the statistics for mental disorders, receiving the name Autism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD. It is therefore considered a syndrome closely related to autism, with milder characteristics. The exact cause of Asperger’s Syndrome is still unknown. Even though studies point to genetic factors as a possible cause, nothing has been proven yet. The only real evidence is that the syndrome is a dysfunction in an area of brain function that directly affects a child’s behavior and development.

Characteristics of Asperger’s Syndrome

Usually, parents themselves notice certain differences in their children. As the child grows and their development is compared to other children of the same age, differences become apparent and concern becomes inevitable. Some parents resist accepting that something is wrong or different with their child, which only makes the situation worse by delaying seeking help from a specialist. Early diagnosis is extremely important in order to provide even more benefits to the child. By using proper and appropriate resources, it is possible to fully integrate a child with Asperger’s Syndrome into society. Therefore, when any unusual behavior is noticed, do not hesitate to consult a doctor. In most cases, problems with socialization are only noticed when the child is already of school age.

Characteristics of Asperger’s Syndrome:

  • Altered motor coordination
  • Difficulty in speaking and expressing oneself
  • Repetition of gestures and body movements
  • Limited interests

People with the syndrome, due to their difficulty communicating verbally with others, tend to isolate themselves. This ends up decreasing and further limiting their already reduced interests. When they do show a real interest in something in particular, they usually spend a great deal of time focused on that subject. They respond well to routines and do not cope well when taken out of them, not accepting unexpected changes easily. They tend to follow rituals for everything in their daily life—whether it is getting dressed, eating, going to school, or even organizing their toys to play with.

Some may show a certain aversion to sounds and loud noises, finding them very uncomfortable. When anxious, nervous, or very happy, they may show agitation through repetitive movements with their hands, feet, arms, and even facial spasms.

How to Cope with Asperger’s Syndrome?

Children with Asperger’s Syndrome often show specific talents. This causes parents to encourage them even more in that particular area, causing other subjects to be neglected and further intensifying their restricted interests. Ideally, parents should work harmoniously with the school and the professionals following the child. This brings about better social development and helps to encourage diversification of interests that were once so restricted.

Encouraging conversation, different ways to express oneself, and communication will always be the best ways to support the development of a child with ASD. As for school learning, stimulation and respect for their learning pace are extremely important. Do not pressure or question—simply celebrate every achievement. Use their interests as an entry point for new knowledge and new interests. Those responsible for supporting a child with Asperger’s Syndrome are the neuropsychologist, speech therapist, and educational psychologist, obviously working together with parents or guardians and also needing support from the school.

Also see: Autism — Living in Your Own World

Photo: Dave C, Tjook